INFORMATION ABOUT
BLACK HOLE
My respected teachers ,
and my dear friends
There is a big curiosity about black
holes in the mind of every students.
In the internet there is such a huge
information about black hole , but some
children can’t able to understand the high
level language of those theory’s
And they not have any other way to
find out information about black hole .
In this article I have try to explain
all the complicate and huge theory about black hole in a simple language .
all the student’s who can’t
understand this article, they can contact me. I have given my number in last
page…….
v General relativity
In 1915 Albert Einstein
developed his theory of general relativity . Suppose
one person (A) travelling by train and another person (B) sitting on station.
The experience of these two person is not same ,
The
experience of A is that his own is stable and the
person B sit on the station is moving back word ,and the opposite the
experience of person B is his own is stable and A is moving forward . This is
two different opinion of two different peoples at same situation.
The other relativity is that if the
person A in a train travelling by a speed of light and there is a clock in
train and station , the speed of clock in train is slow than clock in
station , but the speed of light is 2,99,845ps
and these is not possible on this time . so generally we can’t take this
experience .
lets take another
example of relativity . suppose A is playing a game of catching a ball in a
flat surface of train and B is observing A from station . the experience of A
is ball is gone up word and fall straight in hand of A , but the opposite B
realise that a ball is gone up word and fall in hand of A by a curved shape in
stud in a straight line .
this theories of relativity is also shown in black
hole theories .
vGravity
We
all know that what is gravity . we can walk easily on the earth because of
gravity .
Simple
example of gravity ,
If
we throw the ball in sky the go in speed upward but when the speed will end the
ball fall down toward earth . these is example of gravity .
There
is gravitational force in every stars , planets , satellites have gravity and
the gravitational pull from the inter core of stars , planets ets .
And
this gravity is the cause of the black hole can destroy the stars , planets and
light .
vBIRTH OF BLACK HOLE
Black
is created after the blast of supernova . the birth of black hole is very surprising .
Explaination :
The every
stars have energy , and these energy not going to remain same , these energy
will be end after time . when the energy of star is end the star will destroy .
When
the energy of star is end the star started collapsing in core and the pressure
of a core is started to raise , the brightness of star is end and star is
change into a black star and after star is destroy and these is called as blast
of supernova . these is cause of birth of black hole . black hole is invisible
because it is look black . the black hole is visible when it destroy some star
. when the black hole destroy a star it relief energy form of light and these
is reason to black hole is visible when it destroying a star . black hole has a
highly gravitational field . in the space there is anything can safe from black
hole . The light speed is 2,99,845ps
, but the light is can’t
came out from black hole . The light is also can be trapped in black hole.
The
black hole can be grown bigger than its original shape by taking stars and
space bodies.
Black holes grow in mass by capturing
nearby material. Anything miles that enters the event horizon cannot escape the
black hole's gravity. So objects that do not keep a safe distance get
swallowed.
Despite their reputation, black holes will not actually suck in objects from
large distances. A black hole can only capture objects that come very close to
it. They're more like Venus' Flytraps than cosmic vacuum cleaners. For example,
imagine replacing the Sun by a black hole of the same mass. Permanent darkness
would fall on Earth, but the planets would continue to revolve around the black
hole at the same distance and speed as they do now. None of the planets would
be sucked into the black hole. Our Earth would be in danger only if it came
within some 10 miles of the black hole, much less than the actual distance of
Earth from the Sun (a comforting 93 million).
The diet of known black holes consists mostly of gas and dust, which fill the
otherwise empty space throughout the Universe. Black holes can also consume
material torn from nearby stars. In fact, the most massive black holes can
swallow stars whole. Black holes can also grow by colliding and merging with
other black holes. This growth process is what can reveal the presence of a
black hole. As gas falls toward a black hole, it is heated to high
temperatures, generating powerful radio waves and X-rays that can be studied by
astronomers.
WORK OF BLACK HOLE :
Suppose black hole is like well of gravity.
The side walls of these well is not made by stone is made by highly
electromagnetic radiation. When we reach at event horizon we can’t escape. In the black hole there is no applicable any
law of physics. When a star is above 3m (solar mass) it can collapse into black
hole. Black hole can grow by eating any stars and planets. Black hole is
constantly rotating, but some black hole has 1.4m these black holes not rotate,
it stable and these limit is called Chandrasekhar limit. When a star is
collapse in black hole it called as frozen star.
INTERSTING
POINTS OF BLACK HOLE
The
distance between singularity to event horizon is called Schwarzschild radius.
Singularity means the centre of black hole. And event horizon means the outer
region of black hole.
If
our sun is change into black hole then its Schwarzschild radius will be 3 km. general
mass of black hole is more than 10 times of our sun. And its Schwarzschild
radius will be 30 km.
The
formula of Schwarzschild radius is
At
near to the black hole the speed of escape is equal to the speed of light and
near to the singularity the escape speed is more than speed of black hole,
therefore the light can’t escape from black hole. At the nineteen century
scientist could not understand how a mass less waves such as light can’t escape
from black hole due to gravity.
WHITE
DWARF
The
stars that have solar mass 1.4 and 3 solar mass stars called as white dwarf. First
published by Wilhelm Anderson and e.c. stoner.
In
1930 the Indian scientist Subramanian Chandrasekhar
published his theory about the limit of collapsing black hole . and that
limit called as Chandrasekhar limit. At that time the Subramanian Chandrasekhar was only 19 year old . the Chandrasekhar limit
is 1.39M of sun. the white dwarf has
solar mass 1.4to 3 solar mass if like these stars came together then its
combine each other and inside in these
stars the neutron atoms are remain. The scientist john Michel say’s that ‘the
idea of a body so a massive that even light could not escape. In 1783 henry
Cavendish of royal society agreed that statement.
This is the my first article
about black holes I will give the other information about black holes in my
next article .
My dear student and respected teacher if there something wrong so inform
me I will improve my article .
THANK YOU
My contact number is
9004796649
if I am not there
8452087730
BY
RITIK SUVARNA VIJAY PANCHAL
My honourable teacher
(SHILESH
MORE,
RAJESH MORE )
